I beam is a shape of structural steel used in buildings and it is also known as H, W, wide, universal beam, or rolled joist. They are designed to play a key role as a support member in structures. These beams have the capacity to withstand various types of loads. The horizontal elements of the ??? are called flanges, and the vertical element is known as the web. The web resists shear forces, while the flanges resist most of the bending moment experienced by the beam. The Euler???Bernoulli beam equation shows that the ???-shaped section is a very efficient form for carrying both bending and shear loads in the plane of the web. On the other hand, the cross-section has a reduced capacity in the transverse direction and is also inefficient in carrying torsion, for which hollow structural sections are often preferred.